Stud-and-socket fastener.



F. S. CARR.

STUD AND SOCKET FASTENEH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY3.1911.

Patented Jan.15, 1918.

IIZ ver.

lave/'nier 'i 4iUrIrITED siiA'rias lieArnr'xfr onnron-- FRED S.

CARR, or -imooirnnvn, MASSACHUSETTS; ASSIGNOR To CARR ASTEER COM- PANY, or CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION or MAINE.

STUD-ANDSOCKET FASTENER.

speincation of Letters' Patent. Pateted 3a, 15, 1913,

` Application ined May a, 1917. serial No. 166,157.

To all ywhom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, FRED S. CARR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brookline7 in the connty'ot Norfolk and State of 5 Massachusetts,` haveinvented new and useful' Improvements in Stud-and-Socket `Fastoners, of which the 'following is a specificatin.v

""This invention relates to a stud-andsocket fastener, of the type disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States No.

I 1,038,288, and 1,181,319, said fastener inclding a cylindrical stud member provided at its inner end with means for attachment to an inner carrvlng part ivhich is one of twoparts separabl)T connected b v the fastener, the 'stud member being provided with an annular inwardly facingl shoulder, and a socket Vmember including, metal plates assem- 1Z0 bled'to `form a jaw-confining casing, and

provided with apertures to receive the st-ud *memhen and resilient jaws in said casing adapted to cooperate. with the shouldered stud in confining the socket member in interlocltcd engagement with the stud member. The construction of a socket member f the class to ivhich my invention relates is such that the assembhage of the said plates attaches the socket member asa Wholev to an outer carrying part which is the. other of 85 socket member,

the tivo'fpartsabore` mentioned. Provision is made. as setl forth by 'the above-mentioned patents, for members bv a direct outward pull on the and for permitting such separation by a tipping movement of the Socke-t member in one predetermined direcbien only? "i Tlieichiei?"objeetsI of"the"present invention are,` to'pr'eve'nt rubbing'oif/chafing contact between themeibers an Wear which would beicaiised"bv'subhcdnt'afct, to prevent the material ofthe said outer carrying part from obstructing the entrance of the stud member into the socket member.. particularly when said carrying member is'of textile fabriesuch as' khakioloth, and is liable to be frayed at the margin of a hole through which the stud member passes; and to prevent the portion ofthe carryingfpart which interposed be- 4preventing separation of the able unyielding parts of the stud and socket members to resist strain tending to tip the Socket. member in a direction different from Said predetermined direction, and relieve the ]a\vs from the duty of withstanding said strain.

i To these and other related ends the inventlon consists in the improvements which I will now proceed to describe and claim.

Of the accon'ipanving drawings forming a. part of this specication,

Figure 1 is a side view of a socket member embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on line. Z--Q of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. Q, and a side View of 4the stud member.

Fig. 4 is a side view of one of the outer plates of the socket member. i

Fig. 5 `is f1 section on line 5-5 of. Fig. 1:

Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. l.

lFig. 7 is a section on line 7-7 Of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the central plate of the Socket member. Y

Fig. 9 is a section on line 9-'9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a. side vieu' of another outer plate.

Fig. 11 is a -Section on line 11-11 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 r ing the. socket member `tipped to disengage it from the Stud member.

. Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing a modified construction ofthe Socket.

. plate of the socket membershown by Fig. 13.

The same reference characters indicate the Same parts in all of the. figures.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 12, inclusive, 12 represents the cylindrical stud member which is provided at its inner end with means for attachment to an 'inner carrying part 13, here shown as a sheet of flexible material, the stud member having a tapered or fruSto-conical outer end and a peripheral groove between its ends, one side of Said groove forming an annular inwardly facing shoulder 14. i

The socket member includes a central plate 15, which is seated 'on the inner side of an outer carrying'vpart 16, and two outer plates is a view similar to Fig. 3,.show

`ione pendent movement of the direction of the longitudinal axis of thel vent the material of the on the space in the socket 17 and 18, at opposite sides of the dent'ral plate. In this embodiment of the invention, the plate 17 is at the inner side of the carrying part 16, and is called the rear plate, while the plate 18 is at the outer side of the lcarrying part( is seated on the outer side of the atter, an ing` plate.

he plate 17 is provided vfith a narrow marginal flange 17* (Fig. 11)', on which are formed shorter prongs 19 and longer prongs 20. The flange 17a is seated on one side of the central plate 15, and said flange and the plates 15 and 17 form a casing in which are confined two resilient Wire jaws 21, adapted to spring into engagement with the stud shoulder 14 and lock the socket memberto the stud. The shorter prongs 19 pass through slots 22 (Fi 8) in the central plate and are clenche on one side of said plate. The longer'prongs 20 pass through slots 23in the central lplate, through the carrying part 15, and t rough slots 24 (Fig. 4), in the front plate 18, said prongs being clenched -on the front plate` T he several lates are'apertured to receive the stud memer l2. The aperture in the plate 15 is necessarily formedto somewhat closely fit and embrace a portion of theA studmember, and thus accurately locate 'the socket member with relation to 'the stud member, when the members are interenga ed. Heretofore, the closely fittin or locating aperture has had a narrow wal determined by the thickness of the plate in which it is formed, and the portion of the stud member embraced by said Wall has been objectionably chafed and worn by contact therewith. To overcome this objection, I provide one of the plates, preferably theP central plate 15, With a locating aperture surrounded by an annular curb 25 formed internally to closely fit a rela tively wide zione of the outer endv portion of the stud member and resent vthereto a relatively wide bearing liaving practically no tendency to chafe and wear the embraced portion of the st ud member, the Width of said bearing bein considerably greater than the thickness of t e plate 15. Said curb and the stud zone embraced thereby are preferably tapered or frusto-conical, the curb constituting a recessed socket or seat` which is held in close contact with the embraced zone of the stud by the engagement of the jaws 21 with the stud shoulder, and acts as a stop having a relatively wide bearing on the stud member and preventingl end shake or indet e socket member in is called the front or clampstud member.

Another function of the curb 25 is to precarrying part 16 1n encroachin member occupie b thne stud member. As "shown by Fig. 2,

tv e curb 25 projects into `27 in the front plate, while the ot carrying part to tutes a guard or wall preventing contact between e margin of said aperture and the stud member. Provision is thus made for preventing frayed or raveled edges of the aperture in the carrying part from interferin with the entrance ot the stud member in o the socketmember.

The clenched portions ofthe shorter prongs 19 constitute dogs which indent the clamped portion of the carryin part 16 as shown by Figs. 2 and 3. The ront plate 18 is provided with recesses into which the portions of the carryin part displaced by the said dogs are cause to bulge. As show n by Fig. 4, .some of said recesses are for ed by slots 1er recesses are formed by Vindentations or bosses 28 pressed into the plate. The said dogs and recesses act effectively to prevent edgewise movement of the carrying part 1G between the plates 15 and 18, and prevent said part from tearing at the points where the longer prongs 20 pass through it. In this embodiment of the invention, the arrangement of the curb 25 to coperate with the outer end vportion Vof the stud member requires the location of the plate 17, which forms a part of the jaw casing, at the inner side of the carrying part, so that the clenched portions of its longer prongs 20 are at the outer side of the carrying part, and would be exposed to View, unless suitably covered. To cover. and conceal the prongs 20, and provide a neat and desirable external finish, I secure to the front plate 18 a backing which includes a clenc ling or anvil plate 30,. preferably of brass, and .a vcovering or veneer plate 31, also preferably of brass. Said plates are of cro'wning form, as shown by Figs. 5 and 7, and their marginal portions bear on marginal portions of the front plate 18. The inner prongs 20 are inserted in the slots 24 and forced endwise against the anvil plate, the latter acts to deflect and clench said prongs, as shown by Figs.v2 and 3. The margin of the covering plate 31 is rolled over the edges surface of `the anvil plate 30 is spaced' from the platex18, so that when the l of the plates 18 and 30.' The front plate 18 is suitably embossed to offset from the anvil plate, the portions in which the, slots 24 and recesses 27, 28 are formed, spaces being thus formed for the reception of the prongs 20, as best shown by Fig. 6.

The stud-receiving aperture 33 in the rear outer plate .'17 is Aelongated or oblong, and

1s so arranged that one end bears on one side of the stud member and resists atipping movement of the socket member -in the direction of the arrow a: (Fig. 3), the other end of the aperture being spaced from the opposite side of the stud, so that it `does notl resist a tipping movement of the socket member in the direction of the arrow y and to.,the position shown, byy Fig. 12. This ofy the arrowr a', this pressure is resisted, .i partly by the conjolnt action of the under [form and arrangeiii'eiitbf the rear plate,

' curb aperture,'and the lformyand arrangement of @the j aws`21, shown are adapted to fco perate with the stud Fig;= 1, whereby said shoulder, inpermri'ttiiifr aj tipping movement thelsocltettmembeiii one direction only,

ffandpre'veiiting tippi'iigfm'ovements `in all stantially as dis other directions, are stili its herenibefore 'inentioned, 4the reanouter plate being pro# Vvided with a segmental wear-limiting lip or ange, as shown by said Patent No.

1,184,319. ,The front outer plate `18 has an enlarged aperture 3T which receives the outer end portions of the stud member and of the Awardly against the stud body, and

sidelof the .stud bodyr andthe ksaid inner bearing"fam,` the latterpbeing pressed uppartly by the conjoint aetion'ofthe upper Vside of t-lieffrusto-conical curb-and the upper side supper side ot' the curb `being atrtheA same time pressed downwardly, against said zone., i i ftipping,movement ofntheysocket member la the central plate I' side of the carryfing part,aidisprovided .with a curb which .projects rearwardly through they `to recesses `27'a in the rear b nntlns embodiment of dos' not prevent end shake,

and does not coperate like the curb with the outer end f portion ot the stud member its chief function being to exclude material. of the carrying part from the space enteredI .by thestud member.` The curb 25a is elliptic,

cal, andis `so formed kand arranged that one end ofits elliptical opening bears on one sidefbfthe`^"stud member, while the opposite"e1id isspaced"from"` the opposite side of saidlinemberiet" lfhe plate 17at maybe providd witha supplemental curb 25b coperating, like the L'curb 25 with the outer end portion of the stud member. The clenched portions ofthe prongs 2()aL are behind `the carrying partandA are therefore concealed,

With'the embodiment first described. is not provided,v alreadystated;r the embraced zone otl theutrle'nd portion yor head ot' the stud memberfai f' thc'ein'bijalcing curb 25 or 25b ya`i',e"1"i"iefh ,f*'tiilstotioiiiczil. There is a direct cooperation between the stud member having said trusto-eonical zone, the t'rustoconical curb closely ittingsaid Zone,`and the Wide inner face bearing on the' under Side of the cylindrical stud body, and provided either by tlieiiange 35, or bythe lower side oftlieelliptical curb 25, as I will now explain,

f-WrHn 16 is 'subjected to i'e `tip"'it in the direction y vrees ing part and cause portionsY ,iiiy the direction of the arrow ai is therefore resisted independently ot the jaws 21, this lof the truste-'conical zone fof thestud, the

resistance relieving the jaws of practically'.

all the duty of withstanding strain exertedl in a direction different from the predetermineddirection indicated'by the arrow@r .The width ot' the truste-conical curb is `much greater than the kthickness ofr the plate on which the curb is formed, so `that suffi; cient frictiony is caused `by `the downward pressure of the upper side of the curb on l the upper side of the frusto-conical stud zone to stronglyresist a sliding movement of the curb on the zone in thedirection of the arrow te, wear ot' the contacting parts p being eliminated.

The carryingipart 16 may be provided with a hole to receive the curb, as shown by Fig. 2, or may extend continuously across the outer end of the stud member and across the outer edge of the cui-b 25, as shown by- Figs. 3 and 12. In` either case, the curb 25 prevents the carrying part from obstructing the opening in the plate- 15 which receivesl the outer end portion of the stud, a portion oftlie carrying part shown by Figs. 3 and 12 being bulged outwardly by'thecurb and confined* at one side ot' said opening.

y It will be seen byrefercnce to Figs. 3 and 12, that the Jaw casing formed by the plates 15 and 17' is adapted to bear on thel inner side ot' a flexible outer carrying part 16, that the curb 25 projecting from one side of said casing forms a recessed seat adapted to` ceii ter the .stud member relatively to the socket member, and` to limit the entrance of' the stud member-into the jaw casing, and that the prongs 20, adapted to penetrate the eaigrying part and the outer or cleiicliing plate 18 constitute :i means for securing the jaw casing to the carrying part. It Will also be seen that the limitation of the entering movement ofthe stud member by the curb or seat 25 permits the employment of a carrying part 1G which is not cut away to receive the stud member, and extends continuously across the seat 25 and across the outer end of the stud member, so that the entire tensile strength of the portion of the carrying part Within the series of'prongs 20 is utilized to resist strains tendin to tear the` carrying part at` the the prongs pass through it. f In my application Serial No, 127,055,

points W 1ere vso filed October 23, 1916, I have disclosed and the eur 25" adapted to exclude the material of the carrying part 16 from the space between the front and back plates, said curb being claimed herein only as an element of` a a combination which includes the curb 25b and the frusto-conical zone on the stud.

I claim:

1. A socket member of a fastener which includes a shouldered stud member, said socket member comprising a central 'plate seated on one side of a carrying'part and forming one side of a jaw casing, two outer plates at o posite sides of the central plate, one of sai 4outer plates being Iseated on the opposite side of sald carrying part, while the other outer plate is spaced 'from the central plate and forms the opposite side of the jaw casing, and resilientjaws'conined in said casing and adapted to coperate with the shouldered stud member,l said plates being apertured to receivethe stud member, and

rovided with means whereby they are interocked with each other and with said carrying part, one of the plates being provided with an annular curb surrounding the studreceiving aperture therein, and having a width considerably exceeding ,the thickness of the plate,.said curb being formed and arranged to closely fit and have a ielatively wide bearing on the outer end portion of the stud member, and limit wear of said member and of the late on which the curb is formed.

2. A socliet member as specified in claim 1, the said curb beingl substantially frustoconical, and formed to closely-fit a substanially frusto-conical zone of the stud member, and lcoperate with said jaws in preventing loose movement Aof the socket member relatively to the stud member.I l

3. A socket member of a fastener which includes a shouldered stud member, said socket'member comprising a central plate seated on one side of a carrying part and forming one side of a jaw casing, two outer plates at o posite sides of the central plate, f

one of sai outer plates being seated'on the o posite side ofsaid carrying member, while t e other outer plate is spaced from the central plate and forms the opposite side of the jaw casing, and resilient jaws confined in said casin and adapted to co crate with the shoul ered stud member, sai plates being a ertured to receive the stud member, one o said outer plates being provided with shorter prongs passing through slots in the rincludes a vshouldered stud member, said socket member comprising a central plate seated on one side of a carrying part and forming one side of a jaw casing, a rear outer late seatedon 'the-central plate and forming therewith a jaw-confining casing, resilient jaws in said casing adapted to coperate with said stud, said rear plate being provided with prongs passing through the carrying part and through slots in the front plate, and an anvil plate secured to the said outer plate and adapted to clench and conceal said longer prongs.

5. In combination, a stud member having a cylindrical body, a frusto-conical zone at the cuter end of said body, and an inwardly facing shoulder between said zone and the cylindrical body, and a socket member com- .'fined between two of s aid plates, and wear limiting means independent of said jaws cooperating with thc stud member to resist a tipping movement of the socket member in another direction, said means comprising a wide segmental inner face on one of said plates contacting with'the underside of the stud member body. `and a wear limiting frusto-conical curb formed on and projecting outwardly .from another plate and closely embracing said zone, said curb having a width considerably exceeding the thickness of the plate on which it is formed.

6. 1n a stud and socket fastener, in combination, a stud member attachable at the inner end to an inner carrying part, and having an inwardly facing shoulder between its inner and outer` ends, and a socket inember comprising a Jaw casing formed to-bear on the inner side of anouter carrying part, and having a stud-receiving orifice in itsV inner side permitting the insertion` of the stud member, a recessed seat at its outer side formed to center the outer end of the stud member and constituting a stop adapted to limit the entrance of the stud member into the casing, resilient jaws in' said -cas'ing adapted to yieldin ly engage the stud shoulderfand conline t e outer end of the stud member against said seat, and means including a clamping plate adapted to be seatedon the outer side of the iiexible carryin part and prongs adapted to connect saidv c amp- Ving plate with the jaw casing and to penously across the said seat and across the etrate the outer carrying part, for securing outer end of the stud member, and adapted said casing to the said carryin part and to resiststrans tending to tear the material 1Y0 clamping plate, the limitation o the enterat said prongs. f Y 5 ing movement of the stud member by said In testimony whereof I have axed my recessed seat permitting the employment of signature.

F., S. CARR.y

an outer carrying part extending continu- 00in o! this telf may be obtained tor in centi each, by addreulng the "nommlniom of Patenti,

l WashingtomD-C." Y 

